Machu Picchu, Peru.
The city is built on a rocky cliff in a remote area of the Peruvian Andes in the early 15th century, and spusstya only 100 years old in 1532, all its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared. In the first photo it looks like a wonderful fairy-tale castle, which had slept for centuries in a cozy cocoon of the bushes. More than 400 years this city has been forgotten and was neglected. He was an American researcher has found a Yale University professor Hiram Bingham July 24, 1911. And later, an enterprising historian committed robbery of the century during his three expeditions to the U.S. by sending five thousand artifacts, allegedly at the time for research, but they remained in America ...
Immerse briefly into the past and present, the mysterious city of the great Inca Empire ....
In 1911 th he and his team studied the slopes of the Andes, and stopped for the night in a hut an Indian family. Small owners son was just fascinated by great white stranger, and the evening did not leave him a single step. Bingham gave the boy a coin into a shiny salt, even knowing that in response he gets is truly a priceless treasure. Little Indian scientist has led to the ruins of the ancient city. Even a cursory examination of Bingham was enough to realize that as soon as he made a great discovery.
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Three. In the town he found the peasants who live there. As they told him they lived there for "free, no unwanted visitors, officials, recruiting for the army of" volunteers ", or tax collectors." In addition, there have already visited the first amateur attractions, leave their names inscribed on the charcoal granite walls. Spanish conquistadors did not get to Machu Picchu. This city was not destroyed. We are not aware of any purpose of its construction, nor the number of inhabitants, not even his real name.
Machu Picchu is located at an altitude of 2430m above sea level, the name of Machu Picchu is very conditional. Real name of this town, nobody knows. Machu Picchu (translated from the Quechua language "Old Mountain") has already called him the modern Peruvians. Archaeologists unearthed the remains of nearly a century the settlement and did not encounter any reference to original name of the city. Hiram Bingham himself, found under the ruins of many human skeletons found them female. He speculated that the mysterious ancient city was a haven priestesses - Solar mamakunas virgins. The most beautiful girls were brought here from all over the country. They not only perform complex religious rituals, and taught wisdom, weaving, gardening, wine making and medicine. And the most gifted of the maidens became concubines of the Great Inca. But such a beautiful legend that has arisen with the help of themselves as scientists refute the results of recent high-tech research. Thus, the Americans from the University of Massachusetts concluded that of 173 women found the remains belong to only half. Moreover, during excavations in the Machu Picchu was not found a single piece of jewelry, while the heavy weapons and tools - more than enough. Yes, and look more like the city is not a convent, but impregnable fortress.
The National Institute of Culture of Peru believe that the founder of the city was the Supreme Inca Pachacutec (1438-1471). The method of radiocarbon analysis showed that the city began to build around 1450. It is likely that he first conceived as a temporary winter residence of the governor, and because its structure is almost copied the capital. It became a fortress only when an ancient land set foot Spanish conquerors led by Francisco Pizarro furious. And while other cities of the Inca Empire fell under the steel fifth European ruthless barbarians, to Machu Picchu flowed usual peaceful life.
This city has never known poverty. Urubamba river water were crystal clear, not translated into the jungle fowl, and exceptional at the time of the Incas, agricultural skills allow them to grow even the most exotic fruits and vegetables. Medicine was also very high ... It seemed that in this earthly paradise, it was possible to live forever, but in the mid-16th century, its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared - apparently, taking with him all the cash jewelry. In any case, even in the tomb of high priest, a kind of treasure, preserved remains of a woman bolevshih syphilis, small dogs, a few pitchers, woolen clothing .. And no one, even the small grains of gold!
In the scientific world, there are still three hypotheses to explain the sudden flight of the inhabitants of Machu Picchu. According to the first of them, Machu Picchu was attacked by savage tribes, and the Incas hastily "evacuated" in the secret hideout in the mountains. Shards of the once mighty empire could no longer resist, though primitively armed, but many orders of savages. Peruvian scientists have put forward a different version, according to which Machu Picchu was hit by lightning, and the Incas, considering it a bad sign, do not want to live here anymore. And, perhaps, in an epidemic, and the population, leaving Machu Picchu dying, fled to the mountains. Unfortunately, none of these theories could not find any distinct evidence.
In the 2011th year of Peru celebrated the centenary of the opening of the main tourist attractions:
4. Machu Picchu itself is on top of a small plateau of the Education Department and is located at the foot of the town Aguas Calientes, from here we left at 5 am to get up at dawn ... over Machu Picchu towering mountain Vine Picchu ("New Mountain"), access to which is limited to only 400-mi visitors per day and we were among the first ...
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11. And all in order to see the sunrise and a picture emerges when the ancient city of the clouds, it was such a picture can be seen in the last century Hiram Bingham?
And ... a picture that shows an amazing promotional video in Peru
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12. The road on which buses go up to the entrance to the city:
13. View of Machu Picchu Picchu to the Vine:
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16. Photo Albums Bingham:
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22. On the descent from the Vine Picchu should be noted opposite his name in a special register:
23. The city itself in 1946:
24. And now:
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26. There is never a wind, but the city is hidden layer of clouds, the roaring of a narrow gorge at the bottom of the rapid mountain river and almost vertical slopes made a memorable trip here, but it is also very dangerous. Only in the early 1940s was found a stone Inca Trail.
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28. Perhaps the most tempting of all buildings in Machu Picchu is located in the eastern area of the "Temple of three windows." These three windows, trapezoid-shaped, extending to the east, along the sides have "blind window" of the same size, which could serve as niches:
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32. The sacred area was said to be the religious center of Machu Picchu (pictured center left):
32. Urubamba River at the bottom:
34. In general, it's time for a relaxing afternoon:
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37. The government of Peru in 2006 was sued for not returning to Yale University in cultural property,
In the course of three expeditions to Machu Picchu in 1911, 1912 and 1914 its discoverer Hiram Bingham has collected more than 5000 objects found during the excavations of the ancient city, and brought them to the United States. Now the collection is in storage at Yale University, who believes her own. However, the agreement is almost a century ago, brought from Peru "treasures" were supposed to return to the country by January 1916. But as diplomatic efforts to settle the matter either to no avail, decided to refer the case to court. A small part of the artifacts was transferred to Peru, the centenary of the opening of Machu Picchu in 2011.
Aguas Calientes - tourist town-transshipment point between Cuzco and Machu Picchu:
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39. Tea with coca leaves:
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42. Back we went by train to Ollantoyatambo and then the bus to Cusco
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44. The composition has both freight cars and passenger:
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47. And we continue our way to Cusco ...
Machu Picchu was for me the memory is absolutely incredible and fabulous toy-town. I did not feel there is no crowds or feeling of "hackneyed" places. I went to Peru to see the magical city in the jungle and I saw exactly the image that drew in his head before the trip. I highly recommend you ever look at this magical place in person:
48. Tradition ... and a little music "in the subject" :)
A wonderful clip that was shot in Peru. Here and Machu Picchu and the train, and Titicaca, carnivals, the temples and the Peruvian grandmother in high hats with llamas race ... Look, you will want to go to Peru! :)
Gloria Esteban:
[youtube]eZ0Gd3t8-Yk[/youtube]
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How to get here? We traveled to Machu Picchu non-standard - walking along the tracks through the jungle at night, cheap and very angry, more info here:
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Also read my other stories from Peru and South America:
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